Body image in head and neck cancer patients - Schilder's conceptual framework revisited.

Background Disfigurement and dysfunction of the face are attributes of body image disturbance in individuals with head and neck cancer. Research in body image has highlighted that people with head and neck cancer experience significant disfigurement and dysfunction with altered body image disturbance. Although research has advanced our understanding and knowledge of the characteristics of body image and body image disturbance, there is a lack of focus on the theoretical frameworks that interrogate the body image construct in individuals with head and neck cancer and the role of the face in formulating this construct. Aim This paper aims to appraise body image conceptual frameworks with an emphasis on the face as an integral organ in formulating body image. Methods Schilder's seminal body image conceptual framework was appraised and contrasted with that of Kolb's and Price's model as well as with the current evidence on body image disturbance in relation to the face. Findings Body image conceptual frameworks are valuable tools for understanding body image and body image disturbances in individuals with head and neck cancer. However, Schilder's framework integrates the physiological, psychological and sociocultural aspects the body image. Conclusion Schilder's framework embodies body image and enables an integrated and inclusive approach to body image in individuals with head and neck cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]