Anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects of Moringa oleifera seeds on renal injury diabetic induced by streptozotocin.

[Display omitted] • MO seeds effectively attenuate renal injury of DN. • MO seeds could exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathways. • MO seeds could exert anti-fibrosi effects by inhibiting the activation of the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 signaling pathways. • MO seeds could exert anti-oxidative effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. The seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam (MO) in India have various biological properties, such as anti-hyperglycemia, anti-fibrosis, and anti-oxidant. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications in diabetes mellitus. However, the mechanism of renal protection of MO seeds in DN is unclear. In this study, the DN rat model was generated by a single streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneal injection, which was used to explore the renal dysfunction effects of MO seeds. Pathological examination of diabetic kidney exhibited a significant change in glomerular and tubular structures. MO seeds treatment in DN rats attenuated these changes dose-dependently. MO seeds could exert anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrosis and anti-oxidative effects by inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB and TGFβ1/Smad2/3 signaling pathways, and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, finally effectively attenuate renal injury of DN. And 4000 mg/kg MO seeds have the similar level of therapeutic effect as clinical doses of metformin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]