Expression and Application of Differential Protein in Urine for Male Athletes after Exercises with Different Intensities.

Objectives Proteomics principles and techniques were used to detect and screen out the expression of differential proteins in urine of athletes after exercise with different intensities; the changes of urinary protein components and the correlations among the changes, human immune function and exercise fatigue were investigated, which provided scientific basis and practical methods for exercise biochemical monitoring. Methods Based on Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), differential expression of urine proteome of 8 male athletes was analyzed after exercises of 55%, 75%, 85% and 95% VO_2max intensity, respectively; the protein expressed levels which were up-regulated by at least 5-fold and with repeatability were screened and analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results A total of 275 differentially expressed protein points was detected after different exercise intensities, down-regulated protein points were 85 and up-regulated 190. After screening expressed levels which were up-regulated by at least 5-fold protein, a total of 29 protein was identified, showing a close relation to the biological processes of immune regulation and inflammatory response. Conclusions Proteomics better explains what happens to the urine proteome after different exercises, among which, apolipoprotein and zinc-a2-glycoprotein are related to lipid metabolism after exercise; immunoglobulin, albumin, complement component C3, mannose-binding lectin protein 19 and Vitamin D binding protein are related to immune regulation. The theoretical basis and application method are provided for the evaluation of the effects of exercise training on human immune function and fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]