Pristine and palladium-doped perovskite bismuth ferrites and their nitrogen dioxide gas sensor studies.

Undoped and palladium-doped perovskite bismuth ferrite nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) gas sensors (BiFeO 3 i.e. BFO and Pd-BiFeO 3 i.e. Pd-BFO) are successfully synthesized via an easy and low-cost sol–gel process. The Pd-doping in BFO is confirmed through an X-ray diffraction data, field emission scanning electron microscopy images, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis, and its influence on the structure, morphology, surface area, and the NO 2 gas sensor performance of the BFO sensor has been examined and explored. Moreover, the plausible gas sensing response mechanism of Pd-BFO film sensor has also been proposed. The nanocubes embedded into a uniformly distributed upright standing nanoplates facilitate better gas adsorption and diffusion behavior on providing an excellent NO 2 -sensing performance with good sensitivity, excellent selectivity, better response (90 s)/recovery (110 s), and noticeable repeatability under a fixed 100 ppm NO 2 gas concentration level at an optimized low operating temperature i.e. 150 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]