Effectiveness of Photodynamic Inactivation with Exogenous Photosensitizer Curcuma longa Extract Activated by Laser Diode 403 nm on Staphylococcus Aureus.

Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) is a modality of antimicrobial therapy. Oxygen peroxidation in cell membranes has caused antimicrobial effects by inhibiting cell metabolism. The effectiveness of PDI depends on light sources, photosensitizer agents (Ps) and oxygen. This study is to investigate the antimicrobial effect of PDI using Curcuma longa (CL) extract as a photosensitizer (Ps) agent activated by 403 nm laser diode on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). CL extract was prepared by maceration of turmeric rhizome using 96% ethanol with concentration 0.15% (Ps1) and 0.3% (Ps2), respectively. The samples were divided into three groups; control (C1), treatments with Ps1 (C2) and Ps2 (C2'), treatment with laser irradiations (T1), PDI treatment with Ps1 (T2) and Ps2 (T3). The bacterial growth has been monitored by ELISA reader and measured by Colony Counter. The percentage of bacterial reduction was analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. PDI treatment with CL extract is more effective to reduce S. aureus compared without exogenous CL extract. The highest reduction was given at high level irradiation with an energy density of 15.83 J/cm2 where treatment with Ps1 and Ps2 gave 79.18% and 85.48% reduction, respectively. Exogenous photosensitizer addition in PDI can increased bacterial reduction to 85.48% with 0.3% CL extracts at high level irradiation. CL extracts as exogenous photosensitizer activated by laser diode provides an increase the effectiveness of PDI on S. aureus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]