Utilization of carbon dioxide injection in BOF–RH steelmaking process.

• The recent innovations and advances of CO 2 utilization in steelmaking process are reviewed. • Metallurgical effects, mechanisms and technical limitations are introduced. • A new cyclic utilization of CO 2 in the BOF-RH steelmaking process is proposed. Iron and steel industry is a large carbon dioxide (CO 2) emitter, and it is important for iron and steel enterprises to utilize CO 2 as a resource in the steelmaking process. The study involves reviewing recent innovations and advances in CO 2 injection in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF)–Rheinsahl Heraeus (RH) steelmaking process. In BOF steelmaking tests, CO 2 injection reduces the amount of dust generation with 11.15%, increases CO concentration of the converter gas with 2.66%, increases dephosphorization rate with 6.99% and reduces the endpoint nitrogen content about 6 ppm, and protects bottom-blowing elements. In the RH refining process, CO 2 injection benefits the process of dehydrogenation and removal of inclusions. Besides, some drawbacks and corresponding solutions of this technology are presented. Based on the results of a large number of theoretical and experimental studies, combining the mature technology of CO 2 capture at present, a new cyclic utilization of CO 2 in the BOF–RH steelmaking process is proposed to adapt for actual production in the iron and steel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]