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Characterizing direct emissions of perfluoroalkyl substances from ongoing fluoropolymer production sources: A spatial trend study of Xiaoqing River, China.
- Source :
- Environmental Pollution; Nov2015, Vol. 206, p104-112, 9p
- Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- The spatial trend of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) along Xiaoqing River and its tributaries was studied to characterize isomer profiles and quantify emissions from fluoropolymer (FP) manufacturers in China. Substantially elevated ∑PFAS concentrations downstream of tributary 4 demonstrated that the emissions from this FP manufacturer dominated total riverine discharges. Isomer profiles of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water displayed a stepwise increase in percentage branched PFOA downstream of tributary 3 (14.0%) and 4 (22.7%) reflecting the importance of FP sources. Strong positive correlations between PFOA isomers in water downstream of tributary 4 indicated that isomer profiles were conserved from emission sources to the final reservoir. Riverine discharges of PFOA (23–67 t/yr) were in agreement with theoretical emission calculations from FP production (68 t/yr) whereas large discrepancies between the two methodologies were observed for perfluorobutanoic acid and perfluoropentanoic acid. Collectively, this study fills critical knowledge gaps for understanding ongoing global sources of PFASs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 02697491
- Volume :
- 206
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- Environmental Pollution
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 110943293
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.06.035