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Optimization of Fly Ash Incorporation into Cow Dung--Waste Paper Mixtures for Enhanced Vermidegradation and Nutrient Release.
- Source :
- Journal of Environmental Quality; May/Jun2015, Vol. 44 Issue 3, p972-981, 10p
- Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- This study was conducted to establish an appropriate mixture ratio of fly ash (F) to optimized cow dung-waste paper mixtures (CP) to develop a high-quality vermicompost using earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Fly ash was mixed with cow dung-waste paper mixtures at ratios of (F:CP) 1:1,1:2,1:3,2:1, and 3:1 or CP alone and composted for 14 wk. Olsen P, inorganic N (NO<subscript>3</subscript>, NO<subscript>2</subscript>, and NH<subscript>4</subscript>), C:N ratio, ash content, microbial biomass C, and humification parameters were measured together with scanning electron micrograph images to determine compost maturity. Based on C:N ratio, the extent of vermidegradation of the waste mixtures followed the decreasing order (F:CP) of 1:3 > 1:2 > 1:1 > CP alone >2:1 > 3:1. Similarly, Olsen P was significantly higher (P < 0.05) where earthworms were added. The mean percentage increase in extractable P was in the order CP alone > 1:2 > 1:3 > 1:1 > 2:1 > 3:1, with earthworm addition almost doubling P release across the 1:1, 1:2, and CP alone treatments. Fly ash incorporation enhanced conversion of organic N to the plant-available inorganic forms, with the 1:3 treatment resulting in the highest conversion. Scanning electron micrograph images confirmed the extent of vermidegradation reflected by the various humification parameters determined. Fly ash incorporation at the 1:2 ratio proved to be the most appropriate because it allows processing of more fly ash while giving a vermicompost with desirable maturity and nutritional properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- FLY ash
CATTLE manure
WASTE paper
BIODEGRADATION
HUMIFICATION
VERMICOMPOSTING
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00472425
- Volume :
- 44
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Environmental Quality
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 108644807
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.10.0446