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PD-1 blockade therapy in renal cell carcinoma: current studies and future promises.
- Source :
- Cancer Treatment Reviews; Feb2015, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p114-121, 8p
- Publication Year :
- 2015
-
Abstract
- RCC is considered an immunogenic tumor with a prominent dysfunctional immune cell infiltrate, unable to control tumor growth. Evasion of immune surveillance, a process defined immune-editing, leads to malignant progression. The striking improvement of knowledge in immunology has led to the identification of immune checkpoints (such as CTLA-4 and PD-1), whose blockage enhances the antitumor immunity. The interaction between PD-1, an inducible inhibitory receptor expressed on lymphocytes and DCs, and PD-L1 ligand, expressed by tumor cells, results in a down-regulation of the T-cell response. Therefore, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibition by targeted-antibodies, increasing the T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, represents a promising mechanism to stimulate the anti-tumor activity of the immune system, improving the outcomes of cancer patients. Several PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors have been evaluated in different tumor types, showing promising results. The interesting correlation between lymphocytes PD-1 expression and RCC advanced stage, grade and prognosis, as well as the selective PD-L1 expression by RCC tumor cells and its potential association with worse clinical outcomes, have led to the development of new anti PD-1/PD-L1 agents, alone or in combination with anti-angiogenic drugs or other immunotherapeutic approaches, for the treatment of RCC. In this review we discuss the role of PD-1/PD-L1 in RCC, focusing on the biological rationale, current clinical studies and promising therapeutic perspectives to target the PD-1 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03057372
- Volume :
- 41
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Supplemental Index
- Journal :
- Cancer Treatment Reviews
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 103774730
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.12.013