A comparison of the use of third-party logistics services by large American manufacturers, 1991, 1994, and 1995.

This article presents a survey on the comparison of the use of third-party logistics services by large American manufacturers. The survey consisting of a cover letter, questionnaire, and postage-paid return envelope was mailed to the chief logistics executive of each of the 500 largest manufacturers in the U.S. as identified by the journal "Fortune." The executives were selected from the Official Directory of Industrial and Commercial Traffic Executives as published by the K-Ill Directory Corp. In some instances, the data provided in the Directory were updated with information available in the Council of Logistics Management's membership directory. Of the 500 questionnaires distributed, 92 completed questionnaires were returned by those surveyed and 18 were returned as undeliverable. The effective response rate was 22%. Fifty-five of the 92 respondents indicated that their companies use third-party logistics services, and in subsequent sections of this paper they are referred to as "users." This represents a major increase in the usage rates reported in 1991 and 1994, which were 37% and 38% respectively.