PUNISHMENT FROM THE MANAGER'S PERSPECTIVE: A GROUNDED INVESTIGATION AND INDUCTIVE MODEL.

We employed a qualitative interview technique to develop an inductive model of punishment from a managerial perspective. Findings suggest that managers feel pressure from a variety of sources-organizations, work groups, punished subordinates, and themselves. Managers are also aware that punishment is a highly charged cognitive and emotional event with broad and far-reaching effects that range well beyond punished subordinates and simply changing their attitudes and behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]