Novel insight into Y-box binding protein 1 in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through targeting GC box-dependent genes.

Highlights: [•] Y-box binding protein 1 (YB1) binds directly to GC boxes in target gene promoters. [•] All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) influences YB1 recruitment to GC boxes in VSMCs. YB1 binds to GC boxes via amino acids 125–220. [•] YB1 functions as a transcription activator or suppressor depending on gene context. [•] The YB1 C-terminal tail domain suppresses VSMC proliferation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]