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The assessment of tobacco dependence in young users of smokeless tobacco.
- Source :
- Tobacco Control; Sep2012, Vol. 21 Issue 5, p471-476, 6p, 4 Charts
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Introduction As all published measures of dependence for users of smokeless tobacco (dippers) have poor reliability, in the present work the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC) and the Autonomy Over Smoking Scale (AUTOS) were evaluated for use with this population. Dippers and smokers were also compared in relation to dependence, the pleasure derived from using tobacco and the latency to the onset of withdrawal. Methods In 2010, an anonymous self-completed paper survey was administered to 1541 students of mixed race and ethnicity in grades 9-12 (mean age 15.9 years) in a Florida high school where students used cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. Results The reliability (Cronbach's α) for the HONC was 0.90 for smokers (n=139) and 0.91 for dippers (n=85), and for the AUTOS was 0.94 for smokers and dippers. Dippers and smokers did not differ significantly in relation to scores on the HONC, AUTOS, latency to withdrawal onset or pleasure derived from smoking. One or more symptoms on the HONC were reported by 56% of dippers and 57% of smokers with <100 lifetime uses of their favoured tobacco product, and by 91% of dippers and 91% of smokers with ≥100 lifetime uses (not significant). Greater lifetime use was associated with a significantly shorter latency to withdrawal for smokers and dippers. Conclusions The HONC and AUTOS are highly reliable measures of dependence for adolescent users of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. Using these measures and other indicators, no meaningful differences in dependence were found between dippers and smokers at comparable levels of lifetime use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- DRUG addiction complications
SMOKELESS tobacco
ANALYSIS of variance
CHI-squared test
STATISTICAL correlation
DRUG withdrawal symptoms
HIGH school students
NICOTINE
PSYCHOMETRICS
QUESTIONNAIRES
RELIABILITY (Personality trait)
RESEARCH evaluation
RISK assessment
STATISTICAL sampling
SCALE analysis (Psychology)
STATISTICS
RESEARCH methodology evaluation
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
ADOLESCENCE
PHYSIOLOGY
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09644563
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Tobacco Control
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 79213304
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/tc.2011.043810