Vesicoureteral Reflux and Renal Scarring.

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys. This retrograde flow of urine, while the norm in some animals, is not normal in humans. VUR may be an isolated abnormality (primary VUR) or it may occur in association with other congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), including renal dysplasia, and obstructive uropathy or neurogenic bladder (secondary VUR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]