Challenges and Opportunities in PEM Fuel Cell Systems.

In this work, we discuss challenges and opportunities facing PEM fuel cell systems in three levels: system architecture, control, and diagnostics. In the system architecture context, we analyze various realizations for the fuel cell system as well as the hybrid system. In the control context, we discuss the optimal control strategy for flow, humidity, temperature, and power subsystems. In the diagnostic context, we discuss diagnostic tools based on the stage in the product lifecycle where they are required, i.e., research, development, manufacturing, and operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]