Synthesis and characterization of iron-filled multi-walled nanotubes.

The growth of iron filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe-MWCNT) using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) has been widely studied. Considering the remarkable magnetic and structural properties of Fe-MWCNT, these materials have been applied in numerous areas. In particular their biomedical application has been explored, where Fe-MWCNT can be used in hyperthermia, acting as a local nano-heater at cellular level. Regarding this aim, the reproducible and highly purified ferromagnetically filled samples of carbon nanotubes are still required. There are several parameters during the synthesis process that influence the properties of the nanotubes. The most favourable temperature of the CNT growth is probably one of the most important issues and its optimisation is crucial. In the current study, the Fe-MWCNT were grown at different temperatures ranging from 650 °C to 1050 °C. Additionally, a comparison between two different CVD systems and two carbon sources are also here presented. The Fe-MWCNT were characterised using diverse techniques regarding the evaluation of their morphology, filling ratio, and purity. Observations showed a strong influence of the growth temperature on the morphology and properties of the Fe-MWCNT. The samples characterisation was performed using Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy analysis (TEM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]