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The spectrum of HIV-related nephropathy in children.
- Source :
- Pediatric Nephrology; May2012, Vol. 27 Issue 5, p821-827, 7p, 1 Chart, 2 Graphs
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Background: Despite the burden of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease in Southern Africa, there have been few reports of HIV-related nephropathy in children. This study outlines the spectrum of HIV-1-related kidney diseases of children in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: A review of the clinical presentation, laboratory and histopathological findings of children diagnosed with HIV-related nephropathy. Results: Forty-nine out of 71 children (1-16 years old) with HIV-1 related nephropathy underwent kidney biopsy. The most common histopathological finding was focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), which was present in 32 (65.3%) children; 13 (26.5%) having collapsing glomerulopathy and 19 (38.8%) classic FSGS. The majority of patients showed haematological (86.4%) and electrolyte abnormalities (69.4%). Renal impairment was present in 41% of patients on initial presentation. However, end-stage kidney disease was present in only 4% of these patients. All patients were treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), the majority (79.6%) showed decreased proteinuria with 38.8% having complete remission. Conclusions: This study, one of the largest series of children reported from Africa, demonstrates that nephrotic syndrome due to HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the commonest presentation of HIV-related nephropathy in childhood. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme antagonists is highly effective in decreasing proteinuria and preserving renal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- KIDNEY disease diagnosis
KIDNEY disease prevention
BIOPSY
AIDS complications
CHI-squared test
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS
HIV infections
KIDNEY diseases
PROTEINURIA
STATISTICS
T-test (Statistics)
DATA analysis
HIGHLY active antiretroviral therapy
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
SYMPTOMS
PREVENTION
DIAGNOSIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0931041X
- Volume :
- 27
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 73929163
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-011-2074-8