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Environmental and Urinary Markers of Prenatal Exposure to Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products, Fetal Growth, and Duration of Gestation in the PELAGIE Birth Cohort (Brittany, France, 2002–2006).
- Source :
- American Journal of Epidemiology; Feb2012, Vol. 175 Issue 4, p263-275, 13p
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Although prenatal exposure to water disinfection by-products does not appear to affect the duration of gestation, its impact on fetal growth remains an open question. The authors studied the associations between prenatal exposure to disinfection by-products and fetal growth restriction (FGR) and preterm birth in the PELAGIE cohort, a French birth cohort comprising 3,421 pregnant women recruited between 2002 and 2006. Exposure was assessed by estimating levels of trihalomethanes (THMs) in tap water during pregnancy and maternal water use and by measuring maternal urinary levels of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) during early pregnancy in a nested case-control design that compared 174 FGR cases, 114 preterm births, and 399 controls. Higher uptake of THMs (especially brominated THMs) was associated with a higher risk of FGR. Women with TCAA detected in their urine (>0.01 mg/L) had a higher risk of FGR than those with TCAA levels below the detection limit (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 0.9, 3.7) and had an odds ratio for preterm birth below 1 (adjusted odds ratio = 0.8, 95% confidence interval: 0.3, 2.6). Results from this prospective study, the first to use a biomarker of disinfection by-product exposure, suggest that prenatal exposure affects fetal growth, but the causal agent or agents remain to be identified. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Subjects :
- STERILIZATION (Disinfection)
ATTRIBUTION (Social psychology)
BIOMARKERS
CONFIDENCE intervals
STATISTICAL correlation
DRINKING (Physiology)
EPIDEMIOLOGY
GESTATIONAL age
PREMATURE infants
LONGITUDINAL method
MATERNAL-fetal exchange
MATHEMATICAL models
METHANE
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH funding
SOLVENTS
STATISTICS
URINALYSIS
WATER supply
LOGISTIC regression analysis
DATA analysis
ENVIRONMENTAL exposure
RESIDENTIAL patterns
SECONDARY analysis
FETAL development
CASE-control method
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029262
- Volume :
- 175
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 71488645
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwr419