Moderated guiding: a grounded theory of nursing practice in end-of-life care.

The article discusses the results of a study on the development of a moderated guiding practice in end-of-life nursing care in New Zealand. According to the author, the process of moderated guiding, which include checking out, involving, and supporting, was used by nurses to manage different expectations in end-of-life care. She adds that moderation was required to address the tensions in nursing practice due to patient control issues, resource constraints, and the nurse-patient relationship.