Buckling of Functionally Graded Cylindrical Shells under Combined Loads.

By using the Ritz energy method and finite element method, buckling behaviors of combined-loaded functionally graded cylindrical shells are investigated. The combined loads are composed of axial, lateral, and torsional loads. Results show that the contribution of lateral pressure to buckling is more significant than that of axial compression or torsion and the contributions of axial compression and torsion are almost the same. Also, a practical method is proposed in this article to determine the load-dominant bound between the single buckling mode due to one dominant load and the mixed buckling mode due to interaction of the two loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]