Analysis of the materials in regional trials of winter - type oilseed rape (Brassica L.) in China during 2001-2009.

Trend of winter - type rapeseed breeding was analyzed using 595 rapeseed lines participated official regional trials from 2001 to 2009. Results showed that the entry number in the trials had increased 6 times, and the number of breeding units increased 7. 5 times. Conventional inbred lines had been replaced by hybrid lines, which accounted for 77. 90% of the total materials. The pollination control systems used in breeding program shifted from CMS (cytoplasmic male - sterility) to CMS - combined GMS (genic male sterility). After 2003, there was a balance of GMS and CMS utilization. The backbone parents in breeding program were changed from exotic cultivars to native elite cultivars, such as Zhongyou 821, Zhongshuang 4, and Zhongshuang 9 ,etc. Polima and Shaan 2A were two useful CMS parents, and the most GMS parents were recessive GMS. During the year 2001 to 2009, the average yield in trials increased from 2 158. 28kg/hm² to 2 457.01kg/hm². Seed oil content increased from 39.94% to 42. 14% ,with a total increase of 5. 51%. An average proportion of low - erucic - acid lines reached 91. 47% among qualified low - erucic - acid entries (seed erucic acid <1 %). In summary, the investigation results demonstrated that a remarkable progress was achieved in breeding capability, yield and quality, enhancement and utilization of breeding materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]