International Economics.

This section presents abstracts of research and articles on international economics, published in the December 1966 issue of the Journal of Economic Abstracts. The article American Coal in Western Europe by M. A. Adelman studies the feasibility of exporting U.S. Steam coal to Western Europe. The article Fiscal Policy: Duties and Inducements by A. Bain concerns itself with the structure of Great Britain's tax system and its balance of payments. It concludes that major tax reforms are not the key to improving Great Britain's balance of payments, although some changes would probably be both justifiable and helpful. Authors R. J. Ball, J. R. Eaton and M. D. Steuer investigate the supply of the side of the hypothesis that internal pressure of demand affects export performance. The hypothesis suggests that at relatively high levels of internal demand, other things being equal, the quantity of resources devoted to exports is lower than would have been the case at lower levels of demand. G Basevi's article, The U.S. Tariff Structure: Estimates of Effective Rates of Protection of U.S. Industries and Industrial Labor, presents the theory of tariff structure, and extends this theory by arguing that for the U.S., and even for underdeveloped countries, effective protection should be referred to the share of value added by labor rather than to total value added.