Asia Is Not One.

This article is part of a forum discussing the article "Asia Redux: Conceptualizing a Region for Our Times," by Prasenjit Duara, which also appears in this issue. The present author believes the notion of a unified Asia has been conceptualized through four different pan-Asian philosophies since World War II, namely imperialism, nationalism, universalism, and the aforementioned regionalism. Japanese imperialism sought to unify Asia through military force, while Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore promoted a universalist Asia based on Asian spiritualism. Asian nationalism was developed in response to Western imperialism on the continent by leaders such as Chinese Republic President Sun Yat-sen. Regionalism is based on historic Asian trade connections.