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Diversity in Mycotoxins and Fungal Species Infecting Wheat in Nakuru District, Kenya.
- Source :
- Journal of Phytopathology; Aug2010, Vol. 158 Issue 7/8, p527-535, 9p, 4 Charts, 1 Graph
- Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- Mycotoxin contamination of wheat kernels and diversity of fungal pathogens were monitored in a survey of 26 fields in Nakuru district, Kenya, in 2006. Sampling was performed twice; at mid-anthesis in July for leaves, stems and spikelets and at harvest in September for spikelets and kernels. Kernels were analysed for the occurrence of 32 mycotoxins using a high performance liquid chromatography – electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) method. Fungi were isolated from surface-sterilized tissues and differentiated morphologically to the genus level. Fusarium isolates were identified based on the sequence of translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene. Eleven Fusarium-related mycotoxins were quantified with deoxynivalenol being detected at highest frequency (69%) and highest concentrations. Occurrence of enniatins in wheat (50%) is reported for the first time in Kenya. Non- Fusarium mycotoxins detected included aflatoxin G2, ochratoxin A, alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether. Prevalence of Fusarium species on different wheat parts was 100% at both growth stages. Nineteen Fusarium species were identified with seven species – Fusarium chlamydosporum, Fusarium boothi, Fusarium poae, Fusarium scirpi, Fusarium arthrosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium graminearum– accounting for 80% of infections. At anthesis, spikelets and leaves were the most and least susceptible tissue, respectively. At harvest, infection of spikelets was 59% higher than that of kernels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- MYCOTOXINS
WHEAT
PHYTOPATHOGENIC fungi
LIQUID chromatography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09311785
- Volume :
- 158
- Issue :
- 7/8
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Journal of Phytopathology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 51937617
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.2009.01653.x