Phylogeny in Labiatae s. l., inferred from cpDNA sequences.

Sequences of rbcL and ndhF were analysed independently and in combination to resolve phylogenetic relationships in Labiatae s. l. Monophyly of Labiatae s. l was supported by all three analyses. Congea tomentosa ( Symphoremataceae) is nested within Labiatae s. l. in the rbcL analysis, but emerges as the sister group of Labiatae s. l. in the ndhF and combined analyses. Four noteworthy clades of Labiate s. l. also are supported by all analyses corresponding to subfamilies Nepetoideae, Lamioideae, Pogostemonoideae and Scutellarioideae. Monophyly of subfamilies Chloanthoideae and Viticoideae is not supported. A clade comprising Teucrioideae plus Ajuga is supported by ndhF and the combined analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]