Fetal macrosomia and adolescence obesity: results from a longitudinal cohort study.

Objective:To assess the association between fetal macrosomia and adolescent obesity.Design:Longitudinal cohort study of the association between macrosomia and adolescent obesity.Subjects:Between 1 October 2005 and 1 February 2007, a follow-up study of live-born infants born in 1993–1995 in Wuxi, a suburban area of Shanghai, was conducted. Subjects with birth weight > 4000 g were selected as the exposed. For each exposed subject, one subject with a birth weight of 2500–4000 g, matched by year of birth, sex of infant, and type of institute at birth, was chosen as non-exposed. Clinical data were collected by structured interview and physical examination. Obesity was defined as body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m²)) higher than the sex-age-specific criteria by the working group on obesity in China. Distribution of baseline characteristics and adolescent obesity rate between the exposed and non-exposed groups was compared.Results:A total of 1435 pairs of exposed and non-exposed subjects were included in the final analysis. No major difference in baseline characteristics (other than birth weight) was found between the exposed and non-exposed groups. Obesity rate was significantly higher in the exposed group (2.9%) than in the non-exposed group (1.6%). Adolescent obesity rates were 1.4, 1.9, 2.6, and 5.6%, respectively, in study subjects with a birth weight of 2500–3499, 3500–3999, 4000–4499, and 4500 g. The association between birth weight and adolescent obesity remained essentially the same when mother's demographic and anthropometric factors, breast feeding, and adolescent life-style factors were adjusted.Conclusion:Compared with infants of normal birth weight, infants with birth weight >4000 g, especially those >4500 g, are at increased risk of adolescent obesity.International Journal of Obesity (2009) 33, 923–928; doi:10.1038/ijo.2009.131; published online 30 June 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]