Nature and Nurture on Imperial China's Frontiers.

In this article the author extensively focuses on the cultural practices of the Qing Dynasty in China. Particular attention is given to three cases which illustrate these cultural practices: the relationship between Manchus and Mongols, Qing policies towards aboriginal people and the settlement of Taiwan, and Qing policies towards southwestern mountain people. In each case, policies resulted from the interaction of ethnic categorization, views on cultural transformation and frontier environments.