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Facilitating and restricting a challenger: Patents and standards in the development of the Bull-Knutsen punched card system, 1919-1938.

Authors :
Heide, Lars
Source :
Business History; Jan2009, Vol. 51 Issue 1, p28-44, 17p
Publication Year :
2009

Abstract

This paper discusses the various ways that patents and standards framed a challenger's opportunities. It recounts the history of the Bull punched card system, both in Norway in the 1920s and France in the 1930s, as it developed and became a challenger to IBM's monopoly. Bull faced the first mover's patents and standards differently. Standards paved the way for the challenger's actions, while patents hampered certain facilities for their duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
00076791
Volume :
51
Issue :
1
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Business History
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
36218506
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1080/00076790802602172