Father leadership and small business management: the Kazakhstan perspective.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to gain an understanding of the theory, use, practice, and benefits of the father leadership in small businesses in Kazakhstan. Design/methodology/approach - A hybrid or combination of both the focus group and interviewing data collection methods. Findings - Father leadership strengthens communications within the small businesses, and the business owners' relationships with their employees. It motivates them to be highly productive too. Research limitations/implications - The focus groups were held in Almaty and it appears as if the sessions were limited to that city. Almaty however is large and cosmopolitan hence the focus groups' findings can be considered as representative of Kazakhstani society. Practical implications - Business is always looking for an edge over the competition. The study highlights that the edge in small business management comes not only from investments in technology or time planning but rather from "the soft skills" aspects, that is, father leadership. The relevance and usefulness of the father leadership's 5Cs approach is assessed, and the use and perceived value of that "all-in-the-family" touch to ensure business success were also highlighted. Originality/value - The article provides a continuing perspective on the father leadership in small businesses in Kazakhstan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]