Schattenwirtschaft: Boom trotz härterer Strafen—warum?

The article focuses on the concept of an "underground economy" in Germany, questioning how it continues to flourish despite increased penalties. The terms underground economy and "Schwarzarbeit" (illicit employment) are discussed. Methods of determining the extent of the informal economy are presented, including population surveys, assessment of cash flow, and examining electricity use. A comparison of black markets in European countries and the role of the dual economy is discussed.