Alterations in hemogram and selected biochemical analytes in diabetic dogs: retrospective study in 40 dogs.

The objective of this study was to describe changes in hemogram and selected biochemical analytes in blood and urine of 40 dogs with diabetes mellitus. The inclusion criteria were the following: hyperglycemia above 14 mmol/L, glucosuria and urine specific gravity above 1.015. Dogs of different breeds, from 4 to 14 years of age and both genders (30 females and 10 males) were studied. The analyzed diagnostic procedures were: packed cell volume, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count and differential cell count, Wintrobe index: mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, plasma proteins, globulins, serum glucose, alkaline phosphatase (AP), glucosuria and specific gravity. Anemia was present in 47.5% of the cases, nonregenerative normocytic-normochromic anemia in 37.5%, nonregenerative normocytic-hyperchromic anemia in 5.0% and nonregenerative microcytic-normochromic anemia in 5.0%. Leukocytosis was present in 15.0% cases, leukopenia in 10.0%, neutrophilia in 47.5%, left shift in 30.0%, lymphocytosis in 5.0%, lymphopenia in 27.5%, monocytosis in 5.0%, eosinopenia in 42.50% and eosinophilia in 10.0%. Only 10.0% of all dogs did not presented hemogram abnormalities. Alterations such as anemia, secondary inflammation and stress, are frequent in this pathology; for which they should be considered for clinical care, prognosis and to evaluate diabetic dog's evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]