Stress-dependent scaling behavior of dynamic hysteresis in bulk soft ferroelectric ceramic.

The effects of frequency f, field amplitude E₀, and mechanical stress σ on the hysteresis area <A> and their scaling relations were investigated on soft PZT bulk ceramics. The hysteresis area was found to depend on the frequency and field amplitude with a same set of exponents to the power-law scaling for both with and without stresses, indicating the universality. The inclusion of stresses into the power law was also obtained in the form of ≤A-A_σ=0>∝f^-0.25E₀σ^0.44, which indicates the difference of the energy dissipation between the under stress and stress-free conditions and reveals how the hysteresis area decays with increasing stresses [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]