THE ROCHESTER CONFERENCES: The Rise of International Cooperation in High Energy Physics.

The article reports on the rise of international cooperation among the scientific community in high energy physics. Before the Second World War broke out, and even before the advent of Adolf Hitler, the basic research enterprise in physics was concentrated in Western Europe, and to a remarkable extent in Germany. The great emigration to the U.S. of German and Italian physicists after 1933, followed by the spectacular contributions of American physics to the winning of the war brought about a marked shift in the center of gravity of physics research towards the U.S. after the Second World War.