Degradation and ultrastructural changes of resin-based pit and fissure sealants under simulated chewing conditions.

Background: Resin-based pit and fissure sealants, used to prevent dental caries, can experience abrasive wear. This study aimed to assess the abrasive wear of experimental pit and fissure sealants (DIF) compared with the other commercial pit and fissure sealants by measuring surface roughness, volume loss, and ultrastructure after chewing simulation at different time points. Methods: Specimens were divided into five groups (n = 10): Clinpro™(CP), Teethmate™ White (TW), Teethmate™ Natural (TN), experimental sealant (DIF), and Filtek™ Supreme Flowable Restorative (FC). They underwent chewing simulation with 120,000, 240,000, and 360,000 strokes. Surface roughness and volume loss were measured with a profilometer, and ultrastructures were assessed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: All specimens showed a significant increase in surface roughness after chewing simulation. FC had the highest roughness (p < 0.001) whereas DIF did not differ from other groups (p > 0.05). All materials experienced significant volume loss. Sealant types and chewing cycles affected volume loss, with CP showing the highest and TW the lowest (p < 0.001). SEM analysis revealed worn areas with circular or oval shapes, with CP and TN having larger diameters and TW the smallest. Conclusions: DIF showed acceptable surface roughness and wear resistance compared to other commercial products after chewing simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]