Use of biological control agents for managing fungal pathogens in Solanaceae crops: progress and future perspectives—a review.

The growing global population has intensified concerns about food security, making it essential to produce crops sustainably to meet increasing demands without harming the environment. In this regard, biological control agents (BCAs) have recently gained more attention owing to their potential to manage fungal diseases of crops, particularly in the Solanaceae family. The proper use of selected BCAs such as Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Beauveria bassiana, and Gliocladium spp. has several benefits for Solanaceae crops. This review aims to summarize the effectiveness of various biological control strategies for fungal diseases in Solanaceae crops. We also provide basic knowledge on BCAs along with suggestions for further research to reduce the severity of these destructive diseases.Article highlights: Solanaceae crops are susceptible to various fungal pathogens, leading to significant yield losses. BCAs such as Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Beauveria bassiana, and Gliocladium spp. effectively manage fungal diseases in Solanaceae crops. Molecular mechanisms of BCAs involve activation of plant defense pathways and production of antifungal compounds. Integrating BCAs with other disease management strategies enhances their efficacy and reduces reliance on chemical fungicides. Emerging trends in BCA research focus on microbial consortia, endophytic bacteria, and modern biotechnological tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]