Effects of Xinwei granules on the METTL16/CyclinD1 pathway in gastric cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Xinwei granules on the METTL16/CyclinD1 pathway and proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of gastric cancer cells, and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic potential in gastric cancer. Methods: Cell viability of the MKN-45 gastric cancer cell line was assessed using the CCK-8 assay following treatment with various concentrations of gastric-derived granules. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze apoptosis and cell cycle distribution. Western blot and RT-qPCR analyses were used to measure the expression of key molecules in the METTL16/CyclinD1 pathway. Spot hybridization was performed to detect m6A methylation modifications of CyclinD1. Results: Compared to the control group, gastric-derived granules significantly increased apoptosis in MKN-45 cells, elevated the proportion of cells in the G1 phase, reduced the proportion in the S phase, and downregulated the expression of CyclinD1, CDK4, E2F1, and METTL16 proteins as well as the p-Rb/Rb ratio (P<0.01) . Additionally, gastric-derived granules significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of METTL16 and CyclinD1, and inhibited CyclinD1 m6A methylation modifications (P<0.01). Conclusion: Xinwei granules exert their effects by inhibiting METTL16-mediated m6A methylation of CyclinD1, thereby blocking the transition from the G1 phase to the S phase, suppressing cell proliferation, and promoting apoptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]