A Systematic Review on the Impact of Vaccination for Respiratory Disease on Antibody Titer Responses, Health, and Performance in Beef and Dairy Cattle.

Simple Summary: Bovine respiratory disease is a serious issue for beef and dairy farms, and vaccines are commonly used to prevent it. However, understanding of how these vaccines impact cattle health and performance is not well documented. This review aimed to evaluate how well these vaccines work by looking at antibody titers and overall health in beef and dairy cattle. Researchers followed strict guidelines and reviewed studies from the USA and Canada published between 1982 and October 2022 focusing on vaccines for several BRD-related pathogens. Out of over 3000 studies initially reviewed, only 101 were included, with most focusing on beef cattle. The findings showed significant differences in reporting between studies, making it difficult to combine results. The review highlights the need for more standardized reporting to better understand how these vaccines affect cattle health and performance. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a multifactorial disease complex commonly affecting beef and dairy operations. Vaccination against major BRD-related pathogens is routinely performed for disease prevention; however, uniform reporting of health and performance outcomes is infrequent. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of commercially available BRD-pathogen vaccination on titer response with respect to health or performance in beef and dairy cattle. This study was conducted under Prisma 2020 guidelines for systematic reviews and PRESS guidelines utilizing five databases. Criteria for study inclusion were as follows: research conducted in the USA or Canada, between 1982 and 10 October 2022, on beef or dairy cattle, using a commercially available vaccine labeled for a respiratory pathogen of interest, which evaluated antibody titers alongside either performance or morbidity. A total of 3020 records underwent title and abstract evaluation. Full-text analysis was conducted on 466 reports; 101 studies were included in the final review. Approximately 74% of included studies were beef cattle-based versus 26% dairy cattle-based. This review aimed to assess how vaccination titer responses affect beef and dairy cattle health and performance, but varying study methods made comparisons difficult, highlighting the need for consistent reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]