Preliminary Report on Breeding Materials Induced by Electron Accelerator.

Germplasm innovation is the cornerstone of breeding, so the X-rays generated by electron accelerators was as a mutagenic tool to explore and optimize the application strategies of breeding materials. Initially, through meticulous adjustments, the semi-lethal/semi-dwarf dose thresholds were established for diverse treatment subjects. Subsequently, fine-tuning of irradiation intensities was performed to elicit genetic variations, and the treated materials maintained high survival rates. Furthermore, the optimal timing and approach for material treatment were explored to maximize the efficiency of irradiation-induced mutations. The irradiation treatments were implemented on a wide range of crops, achieving notable preliminary successes. Maize plants exhibited pronounced dwarfing after irradiation, and the degree of dwarfing was positively correlated with the treatment intensity. After irradiation, soybean plants exhibited reduced plant height and enhanced insect resistance, indicating the induction of favorable traits through irradiation. Quinoa treated by irradiation manifested extensive genetic variations of multiple traits, including plant height, leaf color, flower color and panicle morphology. Through specific irradiation treatments and screening, rice plants with significant herbicide resistance were successfully bred, offering a novel strategy for weed management. Above results not only enriched the theoretical framework of mutagenic breeding, but also opened up new avenues for crop genetic improvement and variety innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]