An Improvement of Liquid-Phase Methods for Growing of the Mo and W Single Crystals.

Single crystals of refractory metals with a given orientation are demanded in both the power-optics and high-power laser applications. The evolution of liquid-phase methods for growing such refractory metals as the molybdenum and tungsten single crystals is analysed. As shown, the methods for growing crystals with a single heating source cannot solve the problem of fabrication of industrial-sizes' crystals. The superlarge single crystals of various configurations, such as ingot and plates, can be grown using the combined plasmainduction method. The single-crystalline quality of the ingots and the preservation of the orientations of the selected crystallographic axes are confirmed by the x-ray method according to Laue images. The repeatability of physical and mechanical properties is shown by the indentation test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]