بررسی اثر مهارکنندگی تکثیر سلولی و ضد سرطانی عصاره گیاه زیتون تلخ بر رده سلولی TM4 در سرطان بیضه و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی آن.

Introduction: Testicular cancer is one of the most common type of cancers to affect men. Medical herbs are increasingly considered useful complementary treatments for cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anticancer capacity of Melia azedarach L. extract on testicular cancer TM4 cells. Materials & Methods: The TM4 cells were treated with various concentrations of leaf Melia azedarach L. extracts (10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 250, 750, and 1000 µg ml^⁻1) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. MTT assay and real-time PCR were used for the evaluation of plant extract cytotoxicity and gene expression (CAS8, CAS9) analysis, respectively. Anthocyanin content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were evaluated for the antioxidant potential of plant extract. Statistical tests included one-way ANOVA, which was imported to SPSS V.18, and the significance level was considered less than 0.01. Results: MTT assay results revealed a decline in live cells with increasing concentration of plant extract in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Cell viability was significantly (P < 0.01) reduced, especially at a concentration of 1000 µg ml^⁻1. Also, the CAS8 gene expression was increased in TM4 cells treated with bitter olive extract at 174.2 µg ml^⁻1concentration (IC50), whereas the CAS9 gene expression was decreased. Moreover, a higher DPPH activity and anthocyanin content were found with increasing plant extract concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic extracts of Melia azedarach L. have antioxidant activity, which could significantly inhibit the proliferation of testicular cancer TM4 cells (A549) by inducing apoptosis and CAS8 gene expression. Therefore, it could be regarded as an additional treatment for testicular cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]