Plasmonic Membrane for TiO2 Nanoparticles Activity Detection in Complex Environments.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are widely manufactured semiconductors, but their release into aquatic environments poses significant threats to ecosystems and human health. The environmental hazard associated with TiO2NPs in surface water primarily results from their photocatalytic activity, which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS). Addressing this challenge is crucial for ensuring the safe utilization of TiO2NPs and preserving the environment. In this study, we developed a novel plasmonic membrane comprising titanate nanowires (TiNWs) functionalized with silica‐coated gold nanostars (AuNSts) to probe, in situ, the capture and measurement of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2NPs in complex media such as seawater. This method represents a unique and precise approach to real‐time monitoring of the presence and photocatalytic activity of TiO2NPs, thereby laying the foundation for establishing an environmental risk parameter for these particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]