Synergistic antimicrobial and antiproliferative proficiency of Phaseolus vulgaris seed extract-derived silver nanoparticles: a green fabrication approach.

This study represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to synthesizing silver nanoparticles employing the seed extract of Phaseolus vulgaris. Spectrophotometric analysis at a wavelength 433 nm revealed distinct and well-defined peaks in the optical spectrum of the silver nanoparticles. The crystal structure of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was investigated through X-ray diffraction, which demonstrated four prominent diffraction peaks. Noteworthy peaks were observed in the Fourier-transformation infrared spectroscopy results, specifically at the wavenumbers 3350 cm⁻¹, 2926 cm⁻¹, 1740 cm⁻¹, 1369 cm⁻¹, 1214 cm⁻¹ and 1051 cm⁻¹, further confirming the charcteristics of silver nanoparticles. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed an array of shapes such as round, rectangular, diamond, and cylindrical, with an average diameter of approximately 24.8 nm. Subsequent energy dispersive X-rays analysis provided insights into the elemental composition of the silver nanoparticles, confirming their silver nature. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from P. vulgaris demonstrated notable antioxidant potential, as evidenced by their remarkable reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenching ability against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (90%), hydrogen peroxide (60%), and superoxide dismutase (13%). Expanding the scope of investigation, P. Vulgaris silver nanoparticles exhibited robust inhibition against various fungal strains, including Alternaria alternate and Fusarium oxysporum, as well as bacterial strains like Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in cytotoxicity evaluations using HeLa cell lines, the synthesized nanoparticles exhibited promising anti-proliferative properties with an IC50 value of 146.16 ± 1.70 μM/mL, indicative of their ability to impede cell proliferation. In conclusion, the environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phaseolus vulgaris seed extract showcases their multifaceted potential, ranging from antioxidant properties and antimicrobial efficacy to anti-proliferative effects, highlighting their promise as a sustainable and versatile material for various biological applications while aligning with eco-conscious principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]