Acute myocarditis and haemoptysis in an adult with human bocavirus monoinfection: a case report.

Background Bocavirus monoinfection-related acute myocarditis is an aetiology that has rarely been described in the literature. Case summary A 36-year-old male, with no significant medical history, presented to the emergency department with a 4-day history of dyspnoea, haemoptysis, left-sided chest pain, and high-grade pyrexia. The initial investigations revealed a raised troponin T, raised C-reactive protein, and a normal electrocardiogram. A comprehensive microbiological and virological work-up (testing for 14 viruses and bacteria) detected human bocavirus (HBoV) DNA monoinfection. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging showed left ventricular ejection fraction of 48%, with subepicardial late gadolinium enhancement. Other imaging modalities (chest X-ray, echocardiography, computed tomography pulmonary angiography, and bronchoscopy) revealed no other causative pathology. The patient was treated with anti-inflammatory medications and left ventricle remodelling therapy. He had a good clinical outcome. Moreover, a collateral history revealed that the patient's infant had presented with a severe respiratory illness, which was felt to be of viral aetiology, several days prior to the patient's own onset of symptoms. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of HBoV-related acute myocarditis in an immunocompetent adult. This case also displays new clinical features for HBoV infection—haemoptysis, high-grade pyrexia, and a potential for vertical transmission from infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]