Enhancing EHR Analysis: Leveraging RAG-Enabled Generative AI for Clinical Data Summarization.

Residential aged care facilities (RACFs) have high prevalence of malnutrition and the condition increases the health risks of elderly patients. This research aims to determine the feasibility of utilizing zero-shot prompt engineering at the generative AI models with and without the practitioners' use of RAG to automatically summarize and extract key relevant malnutrition information from the EHRs of Iraqi RACFs. The research employed the model, the Llama 2 13B model with zero-shot prompting on a dataset of structured and unstructured EHRs from 40 Iraqi RACFs. Two tasks were performed: producing summary health status assessments of the clients' nutritional needs and identifying factors indicative of the client's risk of malnutrition. Two-hundred samples were used as a gold standard data to determine the efficiency of the proposed model. These outcomes confirmed that none of the learning process is needed with a 93% accuracy in terms of summarizing and extracting nutritional information. 25% for summarization. The integration of RAG enhanced the summarization accuracy of the program to 99. 25%. On the extraction of risk factors, the model equated to 90 % accuracy while RAG strived but did not add value to increasing the proficiency of the model. The model generally performed good when information was present in clear terms but had weakness related to hallucination when the information was vague. This study demonstrates that although zero-shot learning in summarizing and extracting key elements of EHR will have high potential in the field of AI, the limitation of generalization of this method should be taken into consideration in the application to generative models for malnutrition management in Iraqi RACFs. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that the discussed approaches, including the use of RAG, could help increase the efficiency of handling large amounts of clinical data that is critical for the identification of the malnutrition problem and its mitigation in the context of aged care setting within Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]