Water treatment and aquaculture products towards halal value chain in ASEAN countries: a retrospective review on Brunei Darussalam.

The aquaculture sector in Southeast Asia pursues to establish itself as a significant supplier of ani- mal protein for consumption. It is crucial to comprehend and address the issues that aquaculture in the area encounters to increase farm productivity, preserve the competitiveness of their goods, and enable exportation and sustain conducive water quality. In recent years, the production of fish and shrimp, particularly at marine aquaculture locations, has increased the amount of effluent in ASEAN nations, including nutrients, waste feed, feces, and pharmaceuticals and pesticides which creates a detrimental environment for aquaculture activities. These issues are caused by several variables, including the culture method, species, stocking density, site hydrography, husbandry practices, and feed type. Different aquaculture techniques are the result of interactions between humans and the environment that establish negative effects on the global aquatic environment. Besides, it was observed in some of the ASEAN countries that the raw materials of fish feed derived from imported non-halal sources were used in several freshwater and mariculture farms. In the classical Fiqh, food safety and quality are critical issues for Muslims as their consumption must be halal (permissible in Islamic Law) and Tayyib (safe, hygiene, wholesome, clean, good). Based on above assessments, this study was conducted to assess the current aquatic environmental regulatory practices and Halalan Tayyiban aquatic food products in accordance with halal value chain. The methodology used is mainly library research, such as databases and search engine that cover selected journals and information regarding the subject matters, including references from local or International Fisheries Authorities. However, this review paper has discussed comprehensively water treatment system and aquatic food products which are one of the potential industries that depicts the attention of the halal world in line with the rising halal demand worldwide. This is in line with achieving the highest goals of Shariah towards ‘Life below water (SDG 14), Good health and well-being (SDG 3)’ which ensured the food security and nutrition’ to protect the well-being of stakeholders and environment in Brunei Darussalam and ASEAN as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]