Eugenol: The Phytocompound's Potential Biological Applications.

Investigations on the anticancer potential of dietary phytoconstituents have made significant progress over the past 10 years. Eugenol, a phenolic compound found in various plants, has gained attention for its diverse medicinal properties. Prominent eugenol-producing plants include clove, cinnamon, tulsi, and pepper. The substance has been shown to possess features that include anesthetic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. Eugenol is employed as a marker in pharmaceutical analysis for individual medications and drug packages. It has demonstrated the potential applications in domestic, personal, and dental care as well as in other industries. Eugenol is a flavoring component found in baked products, chewing gum, and non-alcoholic beverages. Eugenol exhibits numerous health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. Its antioxidant properties stem from its ability to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) through free radical scavenging and hydrogen donation. Eugenol's anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects have been linked to its role in reducing oxidative stress and modulating inflammatory processes. Like other phytoconstituents, eugenol is vulnerable to oxygen sensitivity and volatility, and it suffers poor bioavailability. To resolve these problems nanotechnology intervention continues to be a worthwhile option. Recently, few studies have reported about the novel eugenol nanoformulation approaches for the enhancement of therapeutic efficiency. In this review, an effort has been made to compile developed formulations, extraction methods, mechanisms of action, and clinical trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]