Editorial: Immunological non-responders in HIV infection.

The editorial discusses immunological non-responders in HIV infection, where some patients do not show an increase in CD4+ T-cell count despite a decrease in HIV viral load after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART). Studies have found that 10 to 40% of HIV-positive individuals who start treatment at a low CD4+ T-cell count are immunological non-responders (INRs). Various research articles included in the Frontiers in Immunology Research Topic explore the mechanisms of immunological non-response using classical and omics approaches, providing insights into the complex immunological profile of INRs and potential therapeutic targets for improving clinical outcomes for individuals living with HIV. [Extracted from the article]