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Broad protection and respiratory immunity of dual mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- Source :
- NPJ Vaccines; 9/4/2024, Vol. 9 Issue 1, p1-12, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- While first-generation, spike (S)-based COVID-19 vaccines were effective against early SARS-CoV-2 strains, the rapid evolution of novel Omicron subvariants have substantially reduced vaccine efficacy. As such, broadly protective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are needed to prevent future viral emergence. In addition, it remains less clear whether peripheral immunization, especially with mRNA vaccines, elicits effective respiratory immunity. Our group has developed a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine expressing the nucleocapsid (N) protein of the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 virus and has tested its use in combination with the S-based mRNA vaccine (mRNA-S). In this study, we examined efficacy of mRNA-N alone or in combination with mRNA-S (mRNA-S+N) against more immune evasive Omicron variants in hamsters. Our data show that mRNA-N alone induces a modest but significant protection against BA.5 and that dual mRNA-S+N vaccination confers complete protection against both BA.5 and BQ.1, preventing detection of virus in the hamster lungs. Analysis of respiratory immune response in mice shows that intramuscular mRNA-S+N immunization effectively induces respiratory S- and N-specific T cell responses in the lungs and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), as well as antigen-specific binding IgG in BAL. Together, our data further support mRNA-S+N as a potential pan-COVID-19 vaccine for broad protection against current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20590105
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- NPJ Vaccines
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 179438742
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-024-00957-2