Proteomic Profile of Endometrial Cancer: A Scoping Review.

Simple Summary: Proteomics can be very useful in identifying proteins, which helps find potential markers for diseases. Managing endometrial cancer can be difficult and finding reliable markers can contribute to an early diagnosis, to manage its evolution, and even predict the response to treatment. This paper reviews the current research on the proteins involved in endometrial cancer. Most studies used tissue, serum, and plasma samples and found potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. Eight studies were examined closely, with three showing strong similarities, sharing forty-five proteins. This review also identified the 10 most commonly reported proteins in these studies. While proteomics shows promise in finding diagnostic and prognostic markers for endometrial cancer, there is still a need for more research on new therapeutic targets. Proteomics can be a robust tool in protein identification and regulation, allowing the discovery of potential biomarkers. In clinical practice, the management of endometrial cancer can be challenging. Thus, identifying promising markers could be beneficial, helping both in diagnosis and prognostic stratification, even predicting the response to therapy. Therefore, this manuscript systematically reviews the existing evidence of the proteomic profile of human endometrial cancer. The literature search was conducted via Medline (through PubMed) and the Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were clinical, in vitro, and in vivo original studies reporting proteomic analysis using all types of samples to map the human endometrial cancer proteome. A total of 55 publications were included in this review. Most of the articles carried out a proteomic analysis on endometrial tissue, serum and plasma samples, which enabled the identification of several potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In addition, eight articles were analyzed regarding the identified proteins, where three studies showed a strong correlation, sharing forty-five proteins. This analysis also allowed the identification of the 10 most frequently reported proteins in these studies: EGFR, PGRMC1, CSE1L, MYDGF, STMN1, CASP3 ANXA2, YBX1, ANXA1, and MYH11. Proteomics-based approaches pointed out potential diagnostic and prognostic candidates for endometrial cancer. However, there is a lack of studies exploring novel therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]