Deictic vs. anaphoric pronouns: a comparison of fluent and non-fluent aphasia in English and Tagalog.

Deictic pronouns refer directly to the extralinguistic world (as in Stop her!), while anaphoric pronouns refer to elements introduced in discourse (as in My best friend is Mary. John adores her.). The distinction is central to linguistic theory and may be central also for understanding aphasia. This paper compares the production of deictic and anaphoric pronouns in fluent aphasia and non-fluent aphasia. It does so both for English and for Tagalog, which allows extensive omission of pronominal arguments. For both languages, the results show a dissociation between deictic and anaphoric pronouns. Non-fluent aphasic speech displays a lower proportion of anaphoric pronouns to non-pronouns than non-brain-damaged speech, while the proportion of deictic pronouns to non-pronouns is either not different (Tagalog) or higher (English). In contrast, fluent aphasic speech displays a higher proportion of deictic pronouns to non-pronouns, while the proportion of anaphoric pronouns is either not different (Tagalog) or lower (English). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]